Plastics for Vacuum Forming (NAICS 326199)

Thermoplastics offer several advantages in vacuum forming. They are durable, easy to process compared to other materials, generally more lightweight, and are versatile with a wide range of propterties. Plastics are compatible with most woodworking tools and can be machined or fabricated once the vacuuming forming process is complete. Thermoplastics are also more cost-effective than metals or composites and are faster to heat, form, and cool, allowing for higher volume production of parts.

Suitable thermoplastics for vacuum forming are dependent on on their properties and include ABS, acrylic (PMMA), HDPE, Kydex^®, polycarbonate, PETG, PVC, and styrene.

• [Extruded ABS Datasheet]
• [Machine Grade ABS Datasheet]
• [Renovo-MPC™ Datasheet]
• [Polycarbonate Datasheet]
• [PVC Type 1 Datasheet]
• [Styrene Datasheet]

Vacuum forming is typically used with thin to medium thickness sheets ranging from 0.010" (0.25 mm) to 0.080 (2 mm). Thermoforming thicker sheets is possible, but may require higher temperatures and a longer heating time to effectively form them. Higher vacuum pressures may also be necessary to ensure the plastic conforms to the mold.

The best plastic for thermoforming depends on the requirements for the part or project, but some thermoplastics are preferred for vacuum forming due to their ease of use and properties. These include ABS, acrylic, High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS), Kydex^®, PETG, PVC, and polycarbonate (PC).

HDPE can be vacuum formed, but is harder to work with compared to other thermoplastics because of its higher melting point and density. HDPE may also deform or shrink during the cooling process, which could distort or warp the part. Pre-heating the mold, using suitable mold designs and clamping techniques, and using the correct cooling methods are necessary when attempting to vacuum form HDPE.